Alopecia areataAlopecia areata
Tompok botak bulat yang muncul tiba-tiba, di kepala, janggut atau kening.Sudden round bald patches on the scalp, beard or eyebrows.
Apa itu alopecia? Baca lanjutWhat is alopecia? Read more
Apa itu alopecia areata?What is alopecia areata?
Keadaan autoimun di mana sistem imun badan tersilap menyerang folikel rambut. Folikel tidak rosak kekal, jadi rambut berpotensi tumbuh semula. Ia tidak berjangkit.An autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles. The follicles are not permanently destroyed, so hair can potentially regrow. It is not contagious.
Punca & pencetusCauses & triggers
Punca tepat belum diketahui. Faktor genetik memainkan peranan. Ia boleh dicetuskan atau bertambah teruk selepas tekanan emosi, demam atau jangkitan.The exact cause is unknown. Genes play a part. It may be triggered or worsened by emotional stress, fever or infection.
Siapa yang mendapatnya?Who gets it?
Lelaki dan wanita, semua umur, termasuk kanak-kanak. Lebih biasa jika ada ahli keluarga yang menghidapinya, atau bersama penyakit autoimun lain seperti tiroid, ekzema atau vitiligo.Men and women of any age, including children. More common with a family history, or alongside other autoimmune conditions such as thyroid disease, eczema or vitiligo.
Bagaimana ia muncul?How does it show?
Tompok botak bulat yang licin, biasanya tiba-tiba, di kepala, janggut atau kening. Kadang-kadang ada lekuk kecil pada kuku. Jarang, ia melibatkan seluruh kepala atau badan.Smooth, round bald patches, usually sudden, on the scalp, beard or eyebrows. Sometimes small dents appear on the nails. Rarely, it affects the whole scalp or body.
Perjalanan penyakitHow it progresses
Tidak menentu. Ramai pulih dalam beberapa bulan, tetapi ia boleh berulang. Rambut yang tumbuh semula kadang-kadang berwarna putih atau halus pada mulanya.Unpredictable. Many recover within months, but it can come back. Regrowing hair is sometimes white or fine at first.
Bila perlu jumpa doktor?When to see a doctor
Jika tompok baharu muncul, tompok cepat membesar, melibatkan kening atau janggut, berlaku pada kanak-kanak, atau anda rasa tertekan dengan keadaan ini.If new patches appear, patches grow quickly, the eyebrows or beard are affected, it happens in a child, or it is causing you distress.
Maklumat umum sahaja. Diagnosis dan rawatan ditentukan oleh doktor selepas pemeriksaan.General information only. Diagnosis and treatment are decided by the doctor after examination.
JenisTypes
Jenis rambut gugur yang kami nilaiTypes of hair loss we assess
Botak corak lelaki & wanitaMale & female pattern hair loss
Androgenetik. Lelaki: dahi naik atau botak di ubun. Wanita: belahan rambut makin lebar.Androgenetic. Men: receding hairline or crown thinning. Women: a widening parting.
Telogen effluviumTelogen effluvium
Rambut gugur banyak 2–3 bulan selepas demam, bersalin, stres atau diet ketat.Heavy shedding 2–3 months after a fever, childbirth, stress or crash dieting.
Kulit kepala bermasalahScalp problems
Kelemumur, gatal, bersisik atau jangkitan kulat yang menyebabkan rambut patah dan gugur.Dandruff, itching, scaling or fungal infection that causes hair to break and fall.
Tanda perlu jumpa doktorSigns to see a doctor
- Tompok botak baharu atau cepat membesarNew or fast-growing bald patches
- Rambut gugur segenggam semasa mandi atau menyikatLosing hair by the handful when washing or combing
- Kulit kepala sakit, merah, bernanah atau berkerupingPainful, red, pus-filled or crusted scalp
- Rambut gugur bersama letih, berat badan berubah atau haid tidak teraturHair loss with tiredness, weight change or irregular periods
- Kanak-kanak dengan tompok botak bersisikA child with scaly bald patches
Apa berlaku semasa temujanjiWhat happens at the appointment
- Sejarah: bila mula, ubat yang diambil, kesihatan dan keluargaHistory: when it started, medicines, health and family
- Pemeriksaan kulit kepala dan corak keguguran rambutScalp and hair-loss pattern examination
- Ujian darah jika perlu (cth. darah, zat besi, tiroid)Blood tests if needed (e.g. blood count, iron, thyroid)
- Pelan rawatan dan tarikh susulanTreatment plan and follow-up date
Pilihan rawatanTreatment options
Rawatan dipilih mengikut penilaian doktor dan punca rambut gugur.Treatment is chosen based on the doctor's assessment and the cause.
- Ubat topikal atau oral mengikut preskripsi doktorTopical or oral medicine as prescribed by the doctor
- Suntikan kortikosteroid setempat untuk alopecia areata, jika sesuaiLocal corticosteroid injection for alopecia areata, if suitable
- Rawatan kulit kepala (cth. syampu ubat untuk kelemumur atau kulat)Scalp treatment (e.g. medicated shampoo for dandruff or fungus)
- Nasihat pemakanan dan rawatan punca lain (cth. kurang zat besi)Nutrition advice and treating other causes (e.g. low iron)
- Rujukan pakar dermatologi jika perluReferral to a dermatologist if needed
Hasil berbeza bagi setiap individu.Results vary between individuals.
FAQ
Soalan lazimFrequently asked questions
Adakah rambut akan tumbuh semula?Will my hair grow back?
Bergantung kepada punca. Sesetengah jenis boleh pulih sendiri, sesetengah perlu rawatan berterusan. Doktor akan terangkan selepas pemeriksaan.It depends on the cause. Some types recover on their own, others need ongoing care. The doctor will explain after the examination.
Berapa lama baru nampak perubahan?How long before I see a change?
Rambut tumbuh perlahan. Kebiasaannya perubahan dinilai selepas beberapa bulan, dan ia berbeza bagi setiap orang.Hair grows slowly. Changes are usually reviewed after a few months, and it differs for everyone.
Perlu bawa apa?What should I bring?
Kad pengenalan, senarai ubat yang sedang diambil, dan keputusan ujian darah lama jika ada.Your IC, a list of current medicines, and any previous blood test results.
Perlu temujanji?Do I need an appointment?
Ya, melalui temujanji sahaja. WhatsApp 016-335 9781 untuk tempah slot.Yes, by appointment only. WhatsApp 016-335 9781 to book a slot.
Risau rambut gugur?Worried about hair loss?
Tempah temujanji melalui WhatsApp 016-335 9781.Book an appointment on WhatsApp 016-335 9781.